Information @ a Glance Contents on the CD Rom • Intravenous fluids may be classified into crystalloids, colloids, and blood products (box). • Crystalloids are substances that form a true solution and pass freely through a semipermeable membrane.• Colloids are substances that do not dissolve into a true solution and do not pass through a semipermeable membrane.• The administration of intravenous fluids is one of the most common and universal interventions in medicine.• Intravenous fluids can supply two things: fluid volume and electrolytes. • These fluids are usually provided to acutely expand intravascular volume, to correct an underlying imbalance in fluids or electrolytes or to compensate for an ongoing problem that is affecting either fluid or electrolytes.• Two IV solutions are used for acute volume expansio. They are Normal Saline (0.9%) and Lactated Ringer's Solution.• Normal Saline is nothing more than salt water at a concentration that is isotonic with the blood (154 mM sodium). • Wide use of hypotonic IV solutions is for hydration therapy.• Warmed intravenous fluids used in hypothermic patients.• Chilled IV fluids can be much more effective for the induction of hypothermia than commonly assumed, but they must be administered very rapidly to avoid heat gains in IV tubing.• Management of intravenous (IV) fluids must be optimized perioperatively to avoid tissue hypoperfusion or fluid overload. • The IVPC facility was especially created for international markets to provide countries with an indigenous capacity to produce the basic components for their own high quality medical care, as well as high-valued products for export.• Engineers and technical staff are constantly enhancing IVPC technology to create more effective and validatable methods of filling and packaging sterile pharmaceutical, biological and medical products.

Alfa radio code software online. Download free ebooks at BookBooN.com Manufacturing Processes and Materials: Exercises 6 Summary Summary The edition addresses issues essential to modern manufacturing, ranging from traditional topics such as casting, forming, machining, and joining, to advanced topics such as the fabrication of nanomaterials.